Internal-combustion engine.



T. A. MARTIN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLIOATION FILED APR. 19, 1909.

968,380. Patented Aug.23,1910.

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. dwwa T. A. MARTIN. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, 1909.

Patented Augh23, 1910.

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. 1 UNITEDsT rn-s PATENT OFFICE.

' movies A. MARTIN, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIe oa, BY Masha ASSIGNMENTS, rd snares, ROEBUCK AND ea, or CHICAGO, LLIIvoIs, a coaronarron or new YORK.

To'oZ l whom may bm'mi: i Beit known'that I, THOMAS- I A. MhRTIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at. Chicago, in the county of Cook'and State of.

Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of whichthe' following is a specification. 1

tail of the upper .end of said This invention relates particularly to internal combustion engines of the two-cycle type.

I The object of the invention is to improve the means" for admitting the explosive mix ,ture to the cylinder.

illustration comprises abase l of any'suitable form, upon which are. supported a crank case 2,- a bearing 3' for the crankshaft and a cylinder 4. The crank shaft 5 has a crank disk 6 fixed to its inner end within the crank case 2.

A trunk pistoni 7 is slidably mounted within the cylinder 4 and is connected with the crank disk 6 by means of a connecting rod 8. Upon the upper end of the connecting rod is a bearing 9 for a pin 10 carried by the piston, the lower end of said connecting rod havinga bearing 11 for the wrist pin 12.

The entrance of the explosive'mixture into the crank case 2 may be controlled by a valve mechanism of any common or preferred construction. The means by which the char e is admitted from the crank case to the com ustion chamber comprises a valve member 13 having a stem 14 which is slidably mounted in a bearin 15 carried by the piston,, 7, The

valve mem r 13 is arranged to seat upon a valve seat formed upon the outer 'or. upper side of the end wall 16 of the piston, said seat surrounding an inlet port 17 in said wall. A coiled spring 18tends to seat the, r The valve member is' -positivelv held. seated during, the down valve member 13.

stroke ofthe piston by means of a dogf19 INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification Letters Patent. A pp1ication filed April 19, 1909. Serialflp. 490,893.

adapted to engage a the valv'e' ste1n 14=. aid dog may be bifurcated as shown in Fig. .3, and pivotally mounted within the piston 7 A coiled spring 21 bearing atone end uponthe annular wall of the piston-and at itsother end upon a spring seat 22 tends to move the dog rojection carried'by- Patented u ."2 3-, 1e1o.

into en agement-,-With'{tl1e; "projection 20.

The spring seat 22 engages a i gg i d by-the dog 19.

8 and above the pivot pin -10 is means'for withdrawing the-dog 19 fromengagement with the projection 20 at. thefproper time i in the travel of the piston. Said means may consist of two fingers 21 having rounded f ends adapted to engage roller studs2 upon opposite sidesv of 'the upper end of thefdog 19. Upon the outer-.01 upper side of the wall, 16 of the piston is a chamber 26 having a discharge port 27' forfthe explosive mixme. i 4

A peripheral seriesfof exhaust ports; 28

is provided in the walls of the cylinder at in position to be uncovered near the endof :the working stroke of the piston-7.

Any suitable form ofigniting means'may be used, that herein shown comprising a pin 29 attached to the piston 7 in position to engage a movable arm-30 carried by the cylinder head. Thearm 30 carries a platinum Upon the upper end of the connecting rod contact 3ladapted to normally. engage. a I

stationary contactpin 32 which is fixed to and insulated from-the cylinder in any.su it-' able way, said arm being movableby the pin 29 away fromthecontact 32 to draw a spark and thus ignite the charge in'the well known way. Y

33 is a" valved tube through which gasolene may be admitted to the cylinder 4 for starting the engine, and may be opened to permit the charge to escape, when desired.

. During 'thedown stroke of the piston the valve 13 is positively held seated by the dog 19. Shortly after the piston begins its upward stroke the fingers 24'aretilted into enga ment with the dog 19, withdrawing said 0g from the projection 20, whereu the compressed gases in the crank case ift the valve 13, and, passing through the port 17 and the-outlet 27 strike the" cylinder head, and, spreading out, drive the burned, see out through the exhaust ports 28. 7

he piston 7 continuing its upward movement, closes the exhaust ports 28, the valve charge compressed in the upward movement of the 13 is seated by the spring 18, and the piston compresses the charge within the cylinder. The compressed charge is exploded through the operation of the igniting means, driving the piston downward.

The moment at which the valve 13 is opened may be advanced or delayed by suitably changing the of the fingers 24.

It will be seen that the fresh charge is injected into the combustion chamber in an axial stream which expands as it reaches the upper ends of said chamber, thereby sweeping out before it the products of the last previous explosion. The gases compressed within the crank case during the downward movement of the ipiston form a cushion for said piston, per- :mitting the shaft 5 to run loosely in its bear- Eing 3 without pounding. Similarly the cylinder by the piston cushions the upward stroke of said piston.

I would have it understood that the invention is not limited to the details of con struction herein set forth, forvarious modific'ations may be made by those skilled in, the art.

I claim as my invention:

l. In an internal combustion engine, in= combination, a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a chamber may becompressed by' said piston; a, valve carried by said piston for controlling co munication between said chamber and the cylinder; a spring-pressed dog for holding said valve closed at times; a crank and connecting rod operatively connected with said piston; and means on said rod for moving said dog out of engagement with said valve.

2. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a chamber in which explosive fluid may be compressed by said piston; a valve carri by said piston for controlling com- "on between said chamber and the g a spring-pressed dog for holding form of the upper endsing stroke of-the piston; and.

in which explosive fluid said valve closed at times; a crank oper atively connected with said piston; and means moved by said crank for moving said dog out of engagement with said valve.

3. inlet mechanism for internal combustion engines, comprising a trunk piston,

a valve member controlling an inlet port formed through the end wall of said piston, a slidably mounted and spring-pressed stem for said valve member, a spring-pressed dog carried by said piston, a projection on said stem for engagement by said dog, and means for moving said dog out of engagement with said projection.

4. In an internal combustion. engine, in combination, a cylinder; a trunk piston arranged to uncover exhaust ports in said cylinder near the outer limit of its move ment; a crank case having means for admitting an explosive fluid thereto; a crank in said case; a rod connecting said crank and said. iston; a spring-pressed valve member slida ly mounted in said piston and controlling communication between said crank case and the cylinder; a spring-pressed dog carried by said piston and adapted to hold said valve member seated during the worka member on the upper end ofsaid connecting rod arranged to Withdraw said dog from said valve. i

.5. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder; a piston in said cylinder; a chamber in which explosive fluid may be compressed by said piston; a valve carriedby said pist n for controlling communication between said chamber and the cylinder; means carried by said piston for positively locking said valve in the closed position at times a crank and connecting rod operatively connected with said piston;-

and means on said rod for operating said valve-locking means.

- THOMAS A. MARTIN. Witnesses: I

C. PAUL,PARKER,

GEORGE L. OHmnAHL. 

